European baby food: which is best for my baby? - Maternity Community (2023)

general description

Many US parents are willing to pay a premium to import European infant formula, believing that these formulas may be better than US-made brands (1).

A staggering 20% ​​of respondents in a 2018 AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) study used infant formula imported from Europe. Of these, 33% consumedKopfFormulas (2)

given the recentlack of baby foodjremember the formula, many parents turn to European brands such as Holle,Hello, Kendamil, Vale la Vivir and Loulouka.

Is European baby food better?

Perceived advantages of European brands over American formulas:

• More milk options from pasture-raised, grass-fed cows or goats (1)
• Organic formulas may be higher quality (1)
• The regulations of the European Commission are considered more stringent than those of the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) (1)
• Animals are raised on biodynamic farms according to ethical practices (3)

Why is the European formula illegal?

However, there can be security issues with these European brands. Notably, these formulas are not regulated by the FDA. (1)(4)

A FDA defineBaby foodas baby food formulated as breast milk. It was designed as a partial or total substitute for breast milk. As such, it must meet certain nutritional specifications. (5)

However, US and European formulations may differ due to discrepancies between FDA and European Commission requirements.

For example, many European formulas do not meet FDA minimum iron levels and labeling standards. (1)(4)(6)

Still, European brands may have more DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) omega-3 fatty acids than American formulas. (1)(4)

So can European brands live up to their hype? Are there any formula recalls for these brands in the US? Are there any American brands that compare to these imported options? Find out below.

European baby food: main similarities and differences

What is the healthiest baby formula?

Below are some of thempreferably organicEuropean baby food brands to choose for your baby:

• Kopf
• Hello
• Kendamil
• it's worth living
• Flight

similarities

• Formulas with ingredients sourced and manufactured in Europe
• Most products are organic and non-GMO.
• GMOs (genetically modified organisms) can be linked to allergies, autoimmunity or reproductive and endocrine system problems. (7)(8)(9)
• These brands may contain higher levels of DHA and fatty acids than US brands due to European Commission regulations. (1)(4)
• Many of these brands' products may have lower iron levels than US brands. (1)(4)(6)

product recall

Hello,Kopf,Kendamil, &it's worth livingRetiro Bioland

Several products from the European brands HiPP, Holle, Kendamil and Lebenswert Bioland were withdrawn from the market in August 2021 for failing to meet the following FDA requirements: (6)

• pre-market notifications
• iron content
• labeling standards

Any company that plans to sell a new product in the United States must meet federal nutritional requirements and provide premarketing communications to the FDA. But these European brands do not. (5)

AfterKopfUSA, JSG Organics LLC (one of itsimporters) registered the products in theFDAafter withdrawal.KopfProducts sold byKopfUnited States is nowFDA-approved.

Many of these European brands' formulas did not meet the FDA standard for iron (minimum 1 mg per 100 calories). (6)

iron deficiency anemiaIt can develop when your child doesn't get enough iron from breast milk, formula or baby food. It can lead to irreversible cognitive and learning problems. (6)

For this reason, the FDA also requires companies to place a label to inform consumers that iron supplementation may be necessary if the formula is low in iron. Once again, these European brands didn't know how to apply the right labels. (6)

Is European baby food safe?

The FDA is advising parents to immediately stop feeding this infant formula and safely dispose of it.

However, despite being low in iron, these formulas may still be safe for your baby. Ask your pediatrician if your child needs supplemental iron supplements.

you can send a message[email protected]for questions or suggestions about this retreat. (6)

FlightTo remember

• No new Loulouka recalls have been reported.

differences

Kopfreflexes

• Holle has A2 cow milk, a formula from a different breed of cow that is used as a source for traditional formulas. It may be ideal if your child is lactose intolerant. (10)
• Offers goat's milk.

Helloreflexes

• It has the widest product range among European brands in our test.
• It has combined Dutch, German and British formulas.
• The brand coined the term "combiotic" or "combiotic" from the combination of prebiotics andprobioticswhich can promote a healthier digestive system. (11)(12)
• It also has mild, hypoallergenic orAcid Reflux Formulas.

Kendamilreflexes

• Use leite integral.
• It does not contain palm oil or fish oil, so it can be ideal for a vegetarian diet. Vegetable oils are used as a source of DHA. (4)
• Provides anti-colic andlactose-free formulas.
• The brand also has ready-to-use liquid formulas.
• Offers option of goat's milk.

it's worth livingHighlights of Biolândia

• It is free of maltodextrin and starch.
• It is certified by Bioland, the highest quality and safety certification in Europe.

Flightreflexes

• It has goat's milk.
• The brand has numerous quality and safety certifications.

Formula Holle products

• Holle Organic (Bio), Etapas PRE a 4
• Goat Holle organic (organic), steps 1 to 3
• Children's Holle Cow's Milk Drink (No Genetic Engineering), Level 3
• Holle Cow's Milk Drink (A2) for Toddlers (No Genetic Engineering), Levels 1-4

In addition to recipes, Holle also producesRice and porridge for children.

Is Holle baby food safe?

Agricultural Sources and Practices

• Demeter-certified organic ingredients from biodynamic farms where animals are raised according to ethical principles
• non-GMO products

Californian pediatrician Michelle Perro proposes the choiceNon-GMO organic formulas. (8)

She explains that transgenics may be associated with higher rates of childhood illnesses, including autoimmunity, allergies, endocrine disorders, growth failure, and neurological disorders such as autism and ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). (8th)

certifications

• Certified organic according to EU (European Union) standards.

Other main features

• Cow's milk and goat's milk are available.
• He also has A2 milk from another breed of cow. It contains a different protein than regular formulas, which may make it ideal if your child is lactose intolerant. (10)
• All products haveDHA(docosahexaenoic acid) and linoleic acid. These fatty acids can boost your baby's cognitive development. (13)(14)
• The brand claims to produce high quality products.organic baby foodusing sustainable manufacturing processes.
• BPA free packaging for all products. BPA (Bisphenol-A) is a commonly used toxic industrial chemical that can affect your child's brain, reproductive system and behavior. (fifteen)

All formulas are free of:

• GMO (genetically modified organisms)
• Gluten
• added sugar
• salt (sodium chloride)
• Military
• corn syrup
• pesticides
• herbicides
• Artificial or natural flavors
• artificial preservatives
• artificial colors

In contrast

product recall

• The brand has products included in Able Groupe's mass recall of European formulas. (6)

potential allergens

• Potential allergens: milk proteins
• Cow's milk allergy is caused by the baby's immune system overreacting to milk proteins. It can cause allergy symptoms such as wheezing, hives, or difficulty breathing. (sixteen)
• Sheep, goat and buffalo milk can also trigger an allergic reaction. (16)(17)

Other possible cons and disadvantages

• No prebiotics or probiotics are added to Holle's formulas.
• This is not necessary for infant formula. But many manufacturers add prebiotics and probiotics, which can help improve your baby's stomach health. (11)(12)
• Formulas may contain maltodextrin and dubious vegetable oils.

Holle A2 cow's milk drink for children (level 3)

Preis

• 800g can, single pack: US$55.99
• 28,22-Unzen-Dose, 12er-Pack: 54,99 $
• 28.22-ounce can, pack of 24: $52.99

Better features and security

• This infant formula contains A2 cow's milk, which contains a different type of protein than the A1 cow's milk used in standard formula. A2 milk may be ideal if your baby is lactose intolerant. (10)
• A2 milk is thicker and creamier than traditional formulas.
• A2 milk comes from a different breed of cow.
• Meets European Commission DHA and ARA requirements. These fatty acids can help improve your child's immune system and cognitive functions. (14)

age group

• For children from one year old

formula ingredients

• Bio-Magermilch A2
• Partially Desalted Whey Powder
• Organic vegetable oils (sunflower oil, palm oil or rapeseed oil)
• Bio-More-Maltodextrin
• Mortierella alpina oil (source of ARA, arachidonic acid)
• Crypthecodinium cohnii Oil (Source of DHA, Docosahexaenoic Acid)

nutritional table

Each serving (3.4 ounces) contains:

• Calories: 276 kJ
• Total fat: 3.2g
• Total carbs: 7.9 g
• Protein: 1.3g
• Vitamin A: 46.9 µg
• Vitamin B6: 0.074 μg
• Vitamina C: 15mg
• Vitamin D: 1.6 µg
• Vitamin E: 1.1mg
• Vitamin K: 5.3 μg
• DHA: 14.5 mg
• ARA: 14,5 mg
• Ferro: 0,9 mg
• Calcium: 50.4 mg

product recall

• none.
• It was not part of the Able Groupe 2021 recall. (6)

Benefits

• It is made from A2 cow milk, which can be a good option if your baby has a sensitive stomach or lactose intolerance. (10)

In contrast

• Contains maltodextrin and highly processed vegetable oils.
• Contains palm oil, a common ingredient in formulas that can reduce calcium absorption. (18)

what customers say

„My little boy is totally happy with this formula. It smells good and the consistency is good. I have no doubts about its use.” – Auditor of an Organic Best store.

„my baby has changedbreast milkto this formula and it's great.” – Auditor of an Organic Best store.

HiPP Formula products

• HiPP Organic Dutch Combiotic Infant Milk Formula, Steps 1-3
• German Baby Milk Formula HiPP Bio Combiotik Level 1 to 3
• HiPP HA German Hypoallergenic Infant Formula PRE Bio Combiotik, 3-Step PRE
• HiPP UK Blended Organic Infant Formula Steps 1-3
• HiPP AR Germany Anti-Reflux Formula
• HiPP comfort sheet

Benefits

Agricultural Sources and Practices

• The ingredients come from farms that strictly adhere to EU guidelines for organic farming.

certifications

• All formulas comply with EU standards

Other main features

• Milk from grass-fed cows
• HiPP offers HA (hypoallergenic) and AR (acid reflux) formulas.
• Many HiPP formulas have “combiotic” or “combiotic” in their name. The brand coined these terms to indicate that its formulas are made from a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. (11)(12)
• Prebiotics and probiotics can help promote a better digestive system. (11)(12)
• All formulas are free of GMOs (genetically modified organisms) that can cause allergies, autism, autoimmunity, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and growth deficit. (8th)
• All formulations contain vitamin D and calcium to support your child's bone and joint health. (19)
• The formulas also contain vitamins A and C to boost your baby's immune system function. (19)
• The products contain the omega-3 fatty acids DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and omega-6 ARA (arachidonic acid), which may help promote brain development. (twenty)

All formulas are free of:

• transgenic
• pesticides
• steroids
• Hormone
• toxic chemicals
• Gluten
• misery
• Military
• Owner
• Strength
• Added sugar or sucrose
• synthetic vitamins and minerals

In contrast

To remember

• Many of its products were withdrawn from the Able Groupe in August 2021. (6)

potential allergens

• Leite

Other possible cons and disadvantages

• These formulas contain palm oil, which can interfere with calcium absorption and lead to lower bone density in your baby. (18)

HiPP German Bio Combiotik Infant Formula (Level 2)

Preis

• 21.16-ounce box, one pack: $38.99 each
• 21.16-ounce box, eight-pack: $37.99 each
• 21.16 oz box, pack of 12: $35.99 each

Better features and security

• It is for babies from six months.
• Contains combined biotics (prebiotics and probiotics) that can help promote a better digestive system and prevent constipation. (11)(12)
• It is fortified with iron (1.0 mg per serving or 1.47 mg per 100 calories).

age group

• From six months

formula ingredients

• organic skim milk
• Organic vegetable oils (palm oil, rapeseed oil or sunflower oil)
• Bio-Molk product
• Bio-Lactose
• organic starch
• Lactose-galacto-oligosaccharides as prebiotics
• Fish oil for fatty acids that may aid brain development (20)
• Natural cultures of lactic acid (Lactobacillus heredum) as probiotics

nutritional table

Each serving (3.4 ounces) contains:

• Calories: 285 kJ
• Total fat: 3.7g
• Total carbs: 7.2g
• Added sugar: 0g
• Fibras: 0,4g
• Protein: 1.3g
• Vitamin A: 56 µg
• Vitamin B6: 0.042 μg
• Vitamina C: 10mg
• Vitamin D: 1.6 µg
• Vitamin E: 0.80 mg
• Vitamin K: 3.1 μg
• DHA: 13.6 mg
• Linoleic acid: 0.42 mg
• Omega-3 fatty acids: 0.06 g
• Ferro: 1,0 mg
• Calcium: 70 mg

product recall

• It has 1 mg of iron per serving, or 1.47 mg per 10 calories, and meets FDA requirements for iron. However, it is still included in Able Groupe's 2021 recall for non-compliance with pre-market notifications. (6)

Benefits

• Contains prebiotics and probiotics that can help improve digestion and prevent constipation. (11)(12)

In contrast

• This formula has had a setback. (6)
• Contains questionable and highly processed vegetable oils.
• Contains palm oil, an ingredient in the formula that may decrease calcium absorption. (18)

what customers say

„I have tried numerous formulas for myrefluxChildish. I finally found it when I was 8 months old. Your spitting has decreased by 95%. Excellent.“ – Reviewer not formulating.

„There is no way to seal it airtight with that label you provided and my baby had diarrhea after making formula with that unsealed bag for a week.“ – Reviewer not formulating.

Kendamil Formula Products

The following products are manufactured by Kendamil:

• Classic Cow's Milk Formula, Steps 1-3
• Organic cow's milk formula, levels 1 to 3
• Goat milk, stages 1 to 3
• Kendamil Medi+ Anti-Colic
• Kendamil Medi+ Anti-Colic sem lactose
• Classic, ready-to-drink baby food
• Classic continuation formula, ready to use

The brand also produces children's cereals.

Benefits

Agricultural Sources and Practices

• Biodynamic farms in different parts of Europe

Other main features

• The products are made from whole milk from grass-fed cows.
• According to the brand, they use whole milk as the most natural fat source, which reduces the need for palm oils, processed vegetable oils, fish oils or oil additives.
• The brand offers vegetarian formulas that can be 100% free of fish oil.
• The brand offers both organic and classic (non-organic) formulas.

All formulas are free of:

• palm oil
• added sugar
• maltodextrin
• Wheat
• Gluten
• Military
• synthetic preservatives
• fish oils

In contrast

To remember

• Its organic formulas were included in the Able Groupe 2021 recall.(6)

potential allergens

• Leite

Other possible cons and disadvantages

• Formulas tend to be foamier than others due to their whole milk formula.
• Kendamil suggests mixing the formula (with a spoon) rather than shaking to reduce the amount of foam.

Kendamil Medi+ sem lactose

Prices/Packages

• 14.12-ounce can: £6.49 or $8.61 (price on Kendamil website)

Better features and security

• It is suitable for vegetarians and does not contain fish oil.
• It contains DHA fatty acids from locally available plants.
• It contains taurine, which can support your baby's nerve growth and important heart or brain functions. (21) (22)

formula ingredients

• Whey protein concentrate (from milk)
• dehydriertes Milchfett
• dry glucose syrup
• Vegetable oils (sunflower, coconut or canola)
• Calcium caseinate (from milk)
• nucleotide
• Toughness

nutritional table

Each serving (3.38 fl oz) contains:

• Calories: 275 kJ
• Total fat: 3.5g
• Total carbs: 7g
• Protein: 1.4g
• Vitamin A: 54 µg
• Vitamin C: 13.5 mg
• Vitamin D: 1.5 µg
• Vitamin E: 1.7 mg
• Ferro: 0,8 mg
• Calcium: 47 mg
• Potassium: 84 mg

product recall

• It is low in iron but was not included in the 2021 Able Groupe U.S. recall (6).

Benefits

• Contains no palm oil, maltodextrin, gluten, soy or synthetic preservatives.
• It is a lactose-free formulation, which can be ideal if your baby is sensitive to this type of sugar.

In contrast

• It may not be easy to find in the US and Kendamil's official website states that they do not ship directly to US addresses.
• Contains processed vegetable oils and glucose syrup.
• It has lower iron content than the FDA requirement.But this product can still be safe for consumption. Just ask your baby.pediatricianfor possible iron supplements.

what customers say

„Definitely recommend after taking medication for his constipation for almost 3 weeks we have officially stopped as his bowel movements are almost back to normal needlessly since he is using this formula.— Revisor no site da Kendamil.

„This is really great for babies who still can't get used to it.Lactoseyet."– Kendamil Reviewers Site.

Produtos de forma de Lebenswert Bioland

These products are offered by Lebenswert Bioland:

• Starter milk (infant formula), stage 1
• Follow-on milk, stage 2 and 3

The brand also offers wholemeal porridge and mashed baby food.

Benefits

Agricultural Sources and Practices

• biodynamic farms

certifications

• Bioland certification, which is more stringent than European Commission standards (23)

Other main features

• Follow sustainable agriculture and production.
• All products are organic.

All formulas are free of:

• chemical-synthetic fertilizers
• Additives such as flavorings, colorings or preservatives
• artificial fertilizer
• maltodextrin
• Strength
• added sugar
• Gluten

In contrast

To remember

• It is one of the brands whose products were withdrawn from the Able Groupe in 2021. (6)

potential allergens

• Leite

Other possible cons and disadvantages

• The brand has limited options or variations for its products.

Lebenswert Organic Infant Formula (Level 1)

Preis

• 500 grams, four packs: $27.99 each
• 500g, six packs: $26.99 each
• 500 grams, 12 packs: $25.99 each

Better features and security

• The formulas use organic vegetable oils and essential fatty acids.
• May be easier to digest for sensitive stomachs.

formula ingredients

• Organic whey powder (partially desalted)
• organic skim milk
• Organic vegetable oils (organic palm oil, rapeseed oil or sunflower oil)
• Bio-Lactose
• fish oil

nutritional table

Each serving (3.4 ounces) contains:

• Calories: 67 kcal
• Total fat: 3.6g
• Total carbs: 7.4g
• Protein: 1.3g
• Vitamin A: 51.7 µg
• Vitamin C: 7,7mg
• Vitamin D: 1.6 µg
• Vitamin E: 1.5 µg
• Ferro: 0,59 mg
• Calcium: 65.6 mg
• Potassium: 87.1 mg

age group

• From newborn to six months

product recall

• It is one of the Able Groupe products that were retired in August 2021. (6)

Benefits

• Contains no maltodextrin, starch or added sugar.

In contrast

• It contains only 0.59 mg of iron per serving, or 0.88 mg per 100 calories.But your baby's doctor may recommend iron supplements to meet your baby's daily nutritional needs.(6)
• It was remembered. (6)
• Contains palm oil (which can interfere with calcium absorption) and other processed vegetable oils. (18)

what customers say

„My baby loved this formula. I didn't have any swelling while taking it. His movements were of uniform consistency.— Revisor da My Organic Company.

„The ingredient list is 100% cleaner than anything you can buy in the US! I love what the company stands for.— Revisor da My Organic Company.

Loulouka-Formelprodukte

These are the products offered by Loulouka:

• Cow's milk, stages 1 to 3
• Goat milk, stages 1 to 3

The brand also offers baby food.

Benefits

Agricultural Sources and Practices

• Grass fed cows from biodynamic farms

certifications

• ISO 22000 Certification - Food Safety Management System Processes
• european organic certification
• swiss organic regulation
• Swiss Ordinance on Organic Agriculture
• SKAL certification for organic products
• HACCP certification
• swiss warranty certification
• Switzerland - US equivalence regime

Other main features

• The formulas contain DHA for your baby's brain development. (14)

All formulas are free of:

• Artificial dyes, flavors or aromas.
• preservatives
• transgenic
• palm oil
• Military
• nuts
• Gluten
• No
• Pez
• misery
• crustaceans

To remember

• none

In contrast

potential allergens

• Leite

Other possible cons and disadvantages

• Many of their products do not meet the FDA's minimum requirements for iron.
• No prebiotics or probiotics. (11)(12)

Loulouka Goat Milk Formula (Step 1)

Preis

• 14.1-ounce box: $26.79

Better features and security

• Grass-raised, grass-fed Swiss goats in Switzerland
• 100% Seaweed Vegetarian DHA to support brain health (14)
• The brand claims that this formulation is close in composition and texture to breast milk.
• Its proteins can be more easily digested by sensitive stomachs.
• May be suitable for vegetarians.

formula ingredients

• Whole organic goat's milk
• lactose (leite)
• Vegetable oils (sunflower or canola)
• Microalgae (for DHA)

nutritional table

Each serving (100ml) contains:

• Calories: 284 kJ
• Total fat: 3.5g
• Total carbs: 7.6g
• Protein: 1.4g
• Vitamina C: 10,6mg
• Vitamin D: 1.7 µg
• Vitamin E: 1.8mg
• Ferro: 0,7 mg
• Calcium: 65mg
• Potassium: 84 mg

product recall

• none

Benefits

• Contains no palm oil, corn syrup, glucose syrup or added sugar.
• This non-GMO formula is also free of maltodextrin, which can be hard for sensitive stomachs to break down.

In contrast

• Its iron content is below the FDA requirement of 1 mg per 100 calories.
• Contains vegetable oils.
• It is not lactose-free.

what customers say

„my son seems to like it a lotFlight.— Reviewer of My Organic Formula.

„I am impressed with the positive result this formula has had on my son. She doesn't have any stomach problems so I'm completely satisfied.” – Auditor of an Organic Best store.

summary and recommendation

Which European brands might be the right choice for your baby? These are our recommendations:

To chooseKopfE:

• You want to find A2 cow or goat milk options for your baby. (10)
• He doesn't mind that the formulas may contain maltodextrin and processed vegetable oils.

To chooseHelloE:

• You want to choose from more formula variations.
• Are you looking for gentle, hypoallergenic or acid reflux formulas.
• Choose a product with a combination of prebiotics and probiotics. (11)(12)
• She doesn't mind that the products contain palm oil, which can reduce calcium absorption. (18)
• You don't mind having processed vegetable oils and fish oils.

To chooseKendamilE:

• Choose whole milk formulas that do not contain palm oil or fish oil.
• You want anti-colic, lactose-free, ready-to-eat liquid formula options.
• You are looking for goat's milk.
• She doesn't mind that the products lather more than other formulas and that they may contain processed vegetable oils.

To chooseit's worth livingBiolândia if:

• Prefer formulations without maltodextrin, starch or added sugars.
• You are looking for a formula with the highest quality and safety certification in Europe.
• They don't care about a palm oil formula. (18)

To chooseFlightE:

• Are you looking for vegetarian goat's milk.
• Prefer a brand with many quality and safety certifications.

Organic "European" Baby Food Made in the USA

• Bobbie Organic Infant Formula is a recently released American formula that claims to be a "European style" formula. It has similar nutritional content to US formulas.

references

(1) https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/blog/us-parents-european-baby-formula/

(2) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32146831/

(3) https://www.demeter.net/biodynamik/tierhaltung/

(4) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31107795/

(5) https://www.fda.gov/food/people-risk-foodborne-illness/questions-answers-consumers-concerning-infant-formula#1

(6) https://www.fda.gov/safety/recalls-market-withdrawals-safety-alerts/able-groupe-recalling-products-labeled-infant-formula-formulas-have-insufficient-iron-levels

(7) https://www.nongmoproject.org/gmo-facts/what-is-gmo/

(8) https://www.greenamerica.org/blog/downsides-gmo-infant-formula-we-asked-pediatrician

(9) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989835/

(10) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4818854/

(11) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25535999/

(12) https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/formula-feeding/Pages/Probiotics-in-Infant-Formula.aspx

(13) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12630150/

(14) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29413359/

(15) https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/bpa/faq-20058331

(16) https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/milk-allergy.html

(17) https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/milk-allergy/symptoms-causes/syc-20375101

(18) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16582027/

(19) https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/baby/weaning-and-feeding/vitamins-for-children/

(20) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362904/

(21) https://www.cochrane.org/CD006072/NEONATAL_effect-of-taurine-supplementation-on-growth-and-development-in-preterm-or-low-birth-weight-infants

(22) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9635063/

(23) https://www.bioland.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Verband/Dokumente/Richtlinien_fuer_Erzeuger_und_Hersteller/Bioland_Standards_2019-11-25.pdf